Enrollment Sytem Essay Example

Enrollment Sytem Essay The purpose of this study was to design a computerized enrolment system for a ruralbased higher education institution and to find out its acceptability in terms of construction design and functionality. The computerized enrolment system was developed using the software Visual Basic, an Object-Oriented Programming visualization tool.The result of the study revealed that the Enrolment System is â€Å"Very Acceptable† as evaluated by the selected faculty members and staff of the school. In the light of the present findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are advanced, namely, that this enrolment system should be introduced to the school; that it should be adopted by the school to help the staff find records of students more easily and faster and the system should be utilized as a model for future research, especially for technology or computer-related research studies.Keywords: Enrolment System, Computer Technology, Higher Education, Management, Information System INTRODUCTION As we live in an advanced technology world where computers are a big help to all human beings, the discovery of all digital mechanisms has increased from a small gadget to big equipment, which are the products of the work done by well-trained scientists with the help of the advancements in science and technology. As time passes by, those aspiring individuals who want to be acknowledged in the fast-rising technology scene create more gadgets.In addition, they never fail to amaze and satisfy the ever-curious human beings. One of the best and eventually the greatest is the development of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Language that has wide application in different industries and research areas (Behera and Tiwari, 2011). bject-oriented programming was developed at the end of the 1960s, when the nascent field of software engineering began to discuss the idea of a software crisis.It has claimed to promote greater flexibility and maintainability in programming; thus, becam e the paradigm of choice for software development in the industry as well in the academia (Al-Linjawi and AlNuaim, 2010). OOP offers certain advantages over traditional programming approaches that make software easier to build, maintain, modify, and reuse. A good working knowledge of Object Oriented (OO) techniques enables programmers perform simple programs more efficiently and effectively (Wang, 2001).The central idea of OOP is to build programs using software objects. The object is an encapsulation of protected data along with all the legal operations that act on that hidden data (Capretz, 2003). There are several OOP languages Such as Simula, Smalltalk, Modula-3, Eiffel, C++, and Java (Malik, 2002). In higher education institutions, the use of technology in learning systems has been on the rise in recent years. Such technological advancements are utilized in the teaching of some courses or as a supplement to classroom instruction (Naps et al. 2000; Bravo et al. , 2003; Ali, 2011 ). In some introductory computer-related subjects, the use of visualization tools based on OOP has been developed to facilitate better understanding of concepts among students (Al-Linjawi and Al-Nuaim, 2010; Ali, 2011; Boroni and Clausse, 2011). Aside from using visualization tools and the internet in the educational system, higher education institutions have also utilized these tools to manage information systems (Riad et al. , 2009; Ng et al. 2011). These information systems facilitate enhanced data sharing and proper coordination among departments within the learning institution. As such, there is smooth flow of information as well as it is easier to monitor the students’ performance in school. Given the advantages of utilizing information systems in educational management, the aim of the present study was to develop a computerized enrolment system in a rural-based public higher education institution in rder to better coordinate and streamline the functions within the orga nization. This system made use of the OOP tool and the prototype was evaluated by selected faculty and staff members of the institution in terms of its acceptability based on design and functionality. MATERIALS AND METHODS Research Design `The descriptive developmental research design was the method used to determine the level of acceptability of the computerized Enrolment System as to its design and functionality.The evaluators were composed of the faculty and staff at Purificacion Dolar Monfort College, a rural-based higher education institution located in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. In this study, a computerized Enrolment System in the said educational institution was developed using an Object-Oriented Programming Language. The Respondents The respondents were seven (7) selected faculty and staff of the school. The respondents were chosen according to their capability to evaluate a computer system according to its design and functionality.Data Gathering Instrument The in strument that was used to measure the acceptability of the study was a questionnairechecklist. The items in the questionnaire were divided into two parts. Part I included the personal data of the respondents and Part II contained the rating scale, which includes the category, scale value, and rating. For every item in the questionnaire, there were five choices with their corresponding rating value: (1) Highly Acceptable, (2) Very Acceptable, (3) Acceptable, (4) Fairly Acceptable, and (5) Not Acceptable.The respondents were asked to put a check mark inside the bracket which corresponds to their responses on the acceptability of the construction design and functionality of the computerized Enrolment System. In Part II of the questionnaire, the following weights were assigned to every field indicated. Five (5) for Highly Acceptable, four (4) for Very Acceptable, three (3) for Acceptable, two (2) for Fairly Acceptable, and one (1) for Not Acceptable. Data-Gathering ProcedureUpon complet ion of the computerized Enrolment System, a questionnaire-checklist was prepared, validated, and conducted with the cooperation of the seven (7) selected respondents. Respondents were gathered in a room and the computerized Enrolment System Related Literature Computerized Enrollment Sytem This proposal also tells us how automation and computer software greatly accelerate human technological processes and advancement. In India’s higher educational system and it is the third largest in the world,after china and united states have been the higher educational system.A software development and IT service firm implemented its catalyst in Governor Andres Pascual College was integrated web platform to provide content management, transaction processing, marketing and interactive community functions to the two rice schools. The content management tools of the Jones school staff edits update or add to the volume of curriculum and event information without calling for technical assistanc e. It simply cut and paste document into the content management system    for consisting and publish to the web in the school. The study focuses on creating computerize inventory system for the Jones school.

I Am Legend Analysis Essay Example

I Am Legend Analysis Essay Example I Am Legend Analysis Paper I Am Legend Analysis Paper Essay Topic: I am Legend Novel Robert Neville (Will Smith) is a brilliant scientist, but even he could not contain the terrible virus that was unstoppable, incurable and manmade. Somehow immune, Neville is now the last human survivor in what is left of New York City and maybe the world. But he is not alone. He is surrounded by the Infected victims of the plague who have mutated into carnivorous beings who can only exist in the dark and who will devour or infect anyone or anything in their path. For three years, Neville has spent his days scavenging for food and supplies and faithfully sending out radio messages, desperate to find any other survivors who might be out there. All the while, the Infected lurk in the shadows, watching Neville? s every move, waiting for him to make a fatal mistake. Perhaps mankind? s last, best hope, Neville is driven by only one remaining mission: to find a way to reverse the effects of the virus using his own immune blood. But his blood is also what The Infected hunt, and Neville knows he is outnumbered and quickly running out of time. MY THOUGHTS. From my personal point of view for Smith to play a character thats alone throughout an entire film and to pass it off so well, he deserves a round of applause. What attracts me to the film so deeply is not just the story but the elegance of how well the film adapts and plays out. The audience are straight away emotionally connecting with Robert Neville (Smith) and i found myself striving for him to find the viral cure and some means means of civilization. The audience are teared through themes of honour, pride, passion, love, hate, determine, i felt as though i was close to shedding a tear many times throughout the film. Up until the very end of the film things got gradually worse for smith. For me the most sad but beautiful shot in the entire film is when Roberts god Samantha gets killed and smith drives off in his SUV. The camera pans out from Smith to show a spectacular view of road and cars just justifieing how alone Smith really is in the world and how emotionally, mentally and physically lonely he is. Not only is he the last man in New York but his only means of interaction that happened to be with his dog are also lost, even the most manly of men became in touch with the femanine side there. Overall i rate this film 9. 5/10, to me the only downside to the film was that i found it to be a little short in length. My favourite aspect has to be that ironic contrast of Robert Neville not only living inside New York but in Washington Square. In Henry James Novel Washington Square the characters within the novel loose everything they have and own much like Robert does. Within the novel only one character composes them self (Catherine) and strives for what she believes in. Catherine wont and doesnt let her farther take control of her. Robert Neville wont let everything destruct and leave the world to fray, I wont let this happen. Catherine and Robert share many comparisons in character and are unquestionably alike. Bear in mind I am legend was wrote after Washington Square. A definate must see film, real action, real emotional and plenty of determination. KP. Analysis The Will Smith blockbuster I Am Legend was an undeniable box office success. Having set the record for the highest grossing December opening ever ($77. 2 mil. ), it is safe to say that audiences everywhere loved the film. Yet there were many who were left feeling cold and empty with the rather incongruous ending. Why was there this sudden tangible shift in the narrative during the last 10 minutes? It wasn’t until the recent release of an alternate version of the film on DVD that those who were left bewildered in the theaters finally found the ending they had hoped for. So why was one version so much more emotionally fulfilling than the other? Hollywood executives are terrified of downer endings and this was, without a doubt, a bona-fide Tragedy. In this version, Neville (Will Smith) not only failed to find a cure, he also came to discover that he was responsible for murdering hundreds of sentient and evolving beings who were fully capable of that all important human quality love. Despondent and disgusted with himself, he could do nothing more than crumple to the floor in shameful hopelessness. http://storyfanatic. com/2008/04/08/i-am-legend-analysis/

The Manhattan Project Based on the Factors of Time, Cost and the Essay

The Manhattan Project Based on the Factors of Time, Cost and the Achievement of an Object - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the success of a project is measured in relation to the three major constraints namely time, quality and cost which depend on each other. Adjustment of one element requires that you adjust the other two elements. Proper balancing of the three elements ensures successful scheduling, resourcing and implementation of the project. The quality of the project indicates the desired result objective of the project. The cost includes all the resources need for the accomplishment of the stated objective that may include capital, labor, materials, and risk management among other requirements. Time is the duration of the project which can be broken down to the time required to accomplish every task within the project. The Manhattan Project, like all other projects, was based on the factors of time, cost and the achievement of an object. The project was a military-funded research project responsible for the creation of an atomic bomb. Most of the p hases were carried out within the United States thus the main stakeholder was the United States Government. Other stakeholders included the rest of the Allied nations with Canada and United Kingdom providing support to the program. The project started on a small scale but eventually grew to employee more than 130,000 people and the cost exceeding that of $2 billion, cost of which estimated in 2013 would have been $26 billion. At the time of the start of this project the world was engaged in a fierce war. The Allied nations were doing everything in their power to end the war as soon as possible with as little few casualties as possible. The activities of the project and their time limit have been given in the Gantt chart below. The project has three main stages. First stage was Uranium 235 enrichment through gaseous diffusion, electromagnetic separation and thermal diffusion until 1945 when efficiency was raised to12730 pounds. The second stage was plutonium enrichment which was to b e used as substitute for uranium 235. 95% pure plutonium was produced in February 1945. The final stage of bomb designed using plutonium and uranium. The first bomb was tested in the year 1594. The project was later transferred to Atomic Energy Commission and in August 1947 Manhattan Engineer District was ended. The Manhattan project used the theory of production in the construction of the bomb. Three basic phases were used in its construction planning, execution and control. These phases are measured in relation to the factors of productions that include time, resources and the scope of the project. Planning phase included a number of technical activities that needed to be addressed before the start of the construction. The first issue was the enrichment of fissile materials Uranium and Plutonium. Second phase was the structure and design of the bomb while third phase was the testing of the atomic bomb. Evaluation of the project Over several decades the success of projects has been assessed by the Iron Triangle that consists of time, quality and cost. Project management involves use of resources, tools and techniques to achieve a specific assignment within the limits of cost, time and qualities. Project managers has a responsibility of managing, planning, coordinating various activities in a project as well as managing the changes that occur in the duration of the project. According to Atkinson, success of the project should also be measured in relation to benefits to all the stakeholders of the project as well as the final product and thus the success of a project should be measured at different stages of the project. Some projects have a positive impact at the initial stages but the set objectives are not achieved in due to time, quality and cost constraints.

Introduction to Combustion and Fire Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Introduction to Combustion and Fire - Case Study Example For example, when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are exposed to high energy sun rays, chlorine and bromine atoms are released. These chlorine/bromine atoms act as catalysts in the breaking up of ozone molecules. Free radicals are atoms or molecules possessing one or more unpaired electrons. Free radicals are formed as intermediaries of reactions. One of the most common free radicals is the hydroxyl free radical (HO∙). Ions, free atoms, and free radicals are reaction intermediaries. While ions are charged species, free radicals are groups containing unpaired electrons, and free atoms are single atoms without charge. Ions can exist in a stable equilibrium, but free atoms and free radicals are highly unstable and react with other atoms or molecules soon after formation. During bond formation, an electron from 2s orbital is moved to 2pz orbital. This process requires a small amount of energy as the energy gap between 2s and 2p orbitals are less. So the new electronic structure is 1s22s12px12py12pz1 Pentane has a molar mass of 72.15 gmol-1. For 1 mole of pentane, mass is 72.15 g. As calculates earlier, at temperature 298.15K and pressure 1.013Ãâ€"105 Pa, the volume of 1 mol of pentane is 2.447Ãâ€"10-2 m3. A reaction where the products are in the most stable state is known as a complete chemical reaction. In the fire, a complete chemical reaction with no fuel and oxygen left is known as a stoichiometric reaction. The reaction mixtures in such a state are stoichiometric mixtures. The stoichiometric oxygen to fuel mass ratio r is determined from the equation. The equivalence ratio () which describes the state of the reactant mixture, is defined as (Quintere, 2006): Concentration is a measure of the packaging of particles per unit volume and its unit is moles per dm3 or moldm-3. A mole is a unit to measure the amount of substance. One mole of a substance contains 6.023Ãâ€"1023 atoms, molecules, or ions.   

Health economic evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Health economic evaluation - Essay Example The study is given in two sections, appendix A and appendix. Appendix A calculates the cost for a period of 13 weeks and appendix B, the costs incurred for one year. Only patients with baseline anaemia below 11 hg/dl were included in the study. The patients were administered darbepoetin alfa through one arm and r-HuEPO through the other. The dosage of the drugs was as follows. R-HuEPO was administered three times per week and darbepoetin alfa was administered once a week. When calculated for a whole week, the total cost of the drugs remained the same because even though darbepoetin alfa was costlier, its lower dosage helped it to equate its costs with the higher dosage r-HuEPO. The alternative treatment shown is RBC transfusion, though the paper itself suggests that such transfusions are only a temporary measure. The treatment of anaemia using the above two drugs have a long range effect in control of anaemia and hence it can be said that an effective alternative treatment in not included in the study. The above two drugs belong to the class of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), and at present no other alternative treatments apart from this are currently available in allopathy for treating chemotherapy induced anaemia. â€Å"The search goes on for orally active antianemic therapies, and several strategies are being investigated, although none is imminently available.† (Macdougall). Other alternatives like nutritional supplements like iron are not included in the study probably due to the fact that enough clinically proven studies are not available to warrant its inclusion. Since blood transfusion is not comparable in result with the above men tioned treatment and since no other alternatives were studied, it can be said that no alternative systems of treatment were included in this paper. The study does cost analysis of treatment using the above mentioned drugs and states that darbepoetin alfa is cheaper in the long run,

Application of Communication Theories

Application of Communication Theories Choose one communication theory which you think will help organization and how it will help communication requirement? Answer: In other words communication theories explains systematic summary about the nature of the communication process, certainly, theories can do more than summarize. Amongst the various theories of communication, diffusion and agenda setting theory would help meet the communication requirements at the GDW. (Sligo,1997) Diffusion Theory: Diffusion Theory is related to human behavior, getting new ideas, how to implement them, step-by- step, this theory explains how one reaches an important decision. There are five stages within the diffusion process: 1. Awareness Individual is aware of it. 2. Interest Wants to learn more. 3. Evaluation Asks others for feedback. 4. Trial Uses a sample, etc. 5. Adoption Now a user/believer. Agenda Setting Theory: Agenda setting theory is more beneficial for public relationship; it works wonder to get the attention of the media, the public and policy makers. Some researchers says it is set of issues that can be used for multi-directional purpose. By applying the above two theories communication requirement can be fulfilled at the government disability workshop. As these two theories would help interact easily with each other, understanding will improve, thus maximum output can be gained.(Sligo,1997) Can you evaluate how effective was Ralf Ocker communication to the staff? (You need to analyze good and bad communication within the organization) Answer: Ralf communication is not good. Email is not a good communication always. He always do communication with the staff by email. He can sit with the staff and give feedback their questions. He needs to listen his staff. He is a good listener and professional rather being emotional. Ralf dont care of others and fire people. He should follow face to face communication with the staff, because it is two way communications and resolve so many conflicts quickly. As far as the role of Mr. Ocker to reshape the GDW is concerned, he used the parallel theories models of good communication restructuring, as he announced cutting down of substantial funds also he closed the workshop for some time until a way could be found to make them significant and profitable. In such manner he assesses the most significant valuable planned changes for the GDW. He observed the situation that workshop need changes, He arranged meeting with the staff from other department to think together about whole processes In order to evaluate new ideas he listened to the planning of Mr. Fred, Mr. Mavis Ms. Mary In adoption, he brought up a team whose main motive would be to bring changes in organization which was called Ability Plus(Locker,2003) In the conclusion, the Mr. Ralph Ocker communication planned changes brings a new era of business behavior to the GDW. His strategy is quite similar to Diffusion theory in which changes are adopted or rejected the all stages.(Locker,2003) i)Identify four stages of perception process (theory) Answer: Perception is a process, by which we study the world around us, world that consist persons, objects and its experiences. Perception is unique to each person, two people cannot experience the world exactly the same at a time. Perception process occurs in four stages, namely- 1. Stimulation: When someone receive the information. 2. Attention: When someone pays attention and receive/accept only what he wants 3. Organization: How do someone organize other ideas what he listen or receive 4. Evaluation: Evaluate the information. Understanding of the parts ii) Identify and explain Ralf listening technique. Answer: 1. Ralf Ocker is a experienced guy and stimulates information perfectly 2. He paid full attention to the message. ( In this stage Ralph Ocker took two weeks in order to know and understand the organization and the staff) 3. He organize the information (After knowing the way the organization behaved Ralph Ocker then organized how and what has to be done, he announced cutting down of substantial funding, then he closed the workshop for some time until a way could be found to make them actually turn into something significant and profitable, he also welcomed suggestion from the staff). 4. He also evaluates the information perfectly. (In the this stage Ralph Ocker interpreted the changes he was about to bring. In this stage he added meaning to the points he had brought in front of the staff by sending a mail which had a detailed account of proposed changes). i) Definition of Assertive Communication. Answer: Assertive communication is the straight forward open expression of your needs, desire thoughts feelings it involves advocating for your own needs while still considering respecting the need of others. All of us use assertive behavior at times, quite often when we feel vulnerable or unsure of ourselves we may resort to submissive, manipulative or aggressive behavior. Assertiveness is a useful communication tool. Its application is contextual and its not appropriate to be assertive in all situations. Remember, your sudden use of assertiveness may be perceived as an act of aggression by others. Theres also no guarantee of success, even when you use assertive communication styles appropriately. ii) Analyze GDW staff assertive response by using Four Fs-Facts, Feelings, Focus and Feedback. Answer: Facts: Remain neutral and dont attack; talk about fact, truth; Do not blame anyone and speak the truth. Fred speak the truth. Many of GDW staffs were ex armed personnel who had very rigid structure who used autocratic management style, machinery were out dated , GDW had a limited amount of contract cause of little funding were unable to compete with the commercial rivals. Focus on Action: Ocker planned a better and productive strategy, he made sure changes were strictly followed. Fred focused on action. Feelings: Some people from the staff were favoring the new management system (accepted by Ocker Fred) and some of them was against, but in the mail sent by Ocker clearly states that changes would go ahead as planned. Feedback : Feedback refers to the process of exchanging information is order to make things clearer. There were many instances that took place in the GDW which explains how feedback process was done in GDW from the joining of Ocker to the decision he finally made in the end. i) Identify and evaluate the guideline for giving and receiving feedback. Answer: Giving and receiving feedback should be Specific and objective, on timely, and honest. ii) What advice you give Rlaf Ocker regarding receiving and giving feedback. Answer: Giving and receiving feedback involves the interaction of both the parties, thus Ralph Ocker should make sure he not only explains his point but should also understand what the staff wants to say. He should also clarify them in order to avoid confusions. While giving or receiving feedback there can be statements which might sound nitpicky to one, Ralph Ocker should make sure he avoids such situation and should assume that the persons who pointed it out would did so as it was important to be mentioned. Make it a positive process and experience. Ralph Ocker should always remember that his main purpose was to reshape the GDW and hence his main focus should be to improve the condition of GDW and in order to do that he should make sure he shouldnt be harsh, critical or offensive. Be timely and regular and specific Ralph Ocker should make sure that he does not take much time in receiving and giving the feedback i.e. he should make sure he keeps interacting with the staff of GDW on regular basis so that there is no point of confusion and maximum output can thus be generated. Have available all the necessary information Ralph Ocker should make sure he has all the required data, facts, information which would be needed in the process of interaction also he should make sure that all of them is well organized in order to avoid any confusion and for easy reference. Be a good listener and ask for clarification Giving and receiving feedback involves the interaction of both the parties, thus Ralph Ocker should make sure he not only explains his point but should also understand what the staff wants to say. He should also clarify them in order to avoid confusions. OR Giving: 1. Invite individual to self access 2. Comment on position 3. Focus on behavior not person 4. Own the statement and dont wait 5. Be clear and specific 6. Discuss with staff and ask how they feel 7. Try to give positive feedback 8. Use I 9. Immediate feedback is more reliable, So give feedback as soon as possible Receiving: 1. Self access your ideas and work before hand 2. He shall check if he has understood the specific of feedback where more focus required 3. Take negative feedback too, it is useful 4. Prepare specific question that you want on other person to provide feedback on Regarding conflict negotiation- i) Identify two causes of conflict at GDW. Answer: Conflict is an integral part of Human being, it is said that until, you have people dealing with people, making decisions or meeting deadlines you will Have Conflict. Mass causes of conflict in organization are poorly defined Goal, Divergent personal Values, lack of co-operation, unclear roles, communication failure, personality conflict etc. The two causes of conflict at the GDW are as follows:- 1. Restructuring: 2. Difference of Opinion: In organization many people work so opinion might be different. 3. Lack of Formal Communication: It refers to the condition of GDW which lacked formal conversation as the earlier staff was rigid in nature and they followed an autocratic management style. When people dont interact in an organization of formal topics chances of conflicts rises to a higher point. 4. Poorly Defined Goals: Before the arrival of Ralph Ocker the GDW lacked planning strategy and had undefined goals due to lack of communication between the staff members. When such huge things are ignored chances of conflict rises to a large extent ii) In your opinion what conflict management style or technique Ralf should have used at GDW. Answer: Conflict management is the practice of Identifying handling a conflict in sensible fair efficient manner. Ralph Ocker should have used/considered the following to prevent conflicts: 1. Frequent meeting with the staff members 2. He should have allowed the team to express openly 3. He should sharing objectives completely and correctly4. He should give a clear detailed Job description5. Ocker should distribute task fairly 6. He should never criticize any of the staff members publicly 7. He should always be fair and should do justice with everyone Style: Collaboration: This is where Ocker will pair up with the other stuff to achieve both of their goals. Competition: This is win-lose approach. Ocker should act in a very assertive way to achieve his goal. q7. i) Discuss the key principles for restructuring communication. Answer: Restructuring is one of the biggest decisions your organization can make and you will find it much harder to undo damage done by a poorly managed restructure than it is to ensure that the restructure is a success in the first place. Its likely that your managers and HR staff will not have undergone a restructure before and therefore lack of the knowledge and experience of conducting one. If they have, then their previous experience may have been focused on improving their own individual circumstances. They may have limited knowledge as to how things could or should have been done better at an organizational level. I would like to suggest the following new principles/guidelines for the management- Bring a flat structure of management into picture Enable decision-making informed by strong cross-system consultation, listening and respect Promote close productive working relationships within the Ability Plus Retain a learning organization philosophy of continuous staff development, engagement and teamwork Outsource, eliminate, or transfer non-essential services, Bridge the communication gap between the staff members in the ability plus Adopt a cross functional team approach to problem solving Reduce complexity Focus on core activity Maintain flexibility Use role model in leadership development, etc. ii) How do you restructure communication? Answer: 1. Face to Face Communication: 2. Accountability of Communication: 3. Communication with Truth: 4. Communicate the Vision: 5. Listening to the employee: 6. Senior Manager should be visible and accessible to the employee: 7. Communicate timely: i) Business Report Guideline Answer: Report cover Executive Summary Table of contents 1 Terms of Reference 2 Procedure 3 Findings / Analysis 3.1 Profitability Development Process of Metalwork Department 3.2 Making Profit out of Metalwork Department 4. Conclusions 5. Recommendations à ¢- Referencing à ¢- Appendix ii) Do you think presentation is good idea or not after report? Answer: Presentation is good idea because face to face communication is possible through it not by report. iii) Why each person is different perception of Andrews performance? Answer: Because each people have different perception about others. Ray: Selective Attention. Ray heard that Andrew is doing well. because he is qualified and bright. this is called selective attention. First immersion last long. Tim: Perceptual Accentuation: He said Andrew is too slow to learn the job, because he saw Andrew day to day activities and fix Andrew mistakes. Kate: Differences in perceptual ability: Kate said that he is not a good member of team and slow. Sione: Consistency Effect: Andrew is a Rugby Player, So he likes Andrew and think he must be a good team player. Andrew: Self-serving attribution bios: He think he is doing well and it is called self serving attribution. iv) List the four elements that define culture. What are the strategies you can use that can help communication between culture? Answer: Time: 2. Context: Context is best defined as the array of stimuli surrounding a communication event including: body gestures; tone of voice; physical distance between interlocutors; time of day; weather; situation (for example, during a war commemoration ceremony); societal norms; geographic place of communication; and other external factors. 3. Memory/ Understanding: 4. Space/Distance:

My Response to the play Rainbows Ending Essays -- Drama

My Response to the play Rainbow's Ending. I quiet enjoyed reading the text "Rainbow's Ending". Here is a brief summary of the play: The story is about two giants, the world is peaceful, quiet and happy, until the giants have an argument over who is bigger, and have an eating competition. They eat anything and everything they can find, as they eat their way through the country. The rest of the country becomes helpless, dirty and noisy. Until one day the giants return and everything becomes a better place again! The group, in which I was in, came up with many imaginative ideas, for the particular scenes in which we worked on. I very much liked the idea of the superpowers of the two giants in the story, which the author Noel Greig wrote. We used his ideas from the text to create our own ideas. In scene 1 we used a lot of Physical theatre. We had the Sun, Empire State Building, Post Office Tower, trees, and the river. I particularly liked the way which we had four people being the river when it came to the lines "it was a sunny day the trout were almost queuing up to get themselves hooked" at this point we had the little old fisher woman with her fishing rod, by the river bank. The river was made by the four people, they were making wavy movements together, and the trout were two of the people quickly kneeling up towards the fisher woman, begging to get hooked. Then when it came to the next line " one giant lay down and started to lap up the wate...

Accounting for human behavior Essay

In order to survive and interact with the other members of the society, it is crucial for us to understand what the other people are thinking about and what the underlying factors that contribute to their behavior are. In our daily life, people are continuously interpreting and explaining others behavior, sometimes even without aware of it themselves. How does this knowledge of interpreting the others come about? And is it a reliable method?Most people are using common sense explanation to interpret human behavior, while social scientists will explain our world by social science theories. What are they? And which one can give a more reliable and accurate account for human behavior?Common Sense Explanations are formed basing on individual’s past experiences or were passed down from the last generations. It is the most basic and simple form of knowledge that helps us to survive. For instance, people understand that it will be hurt when a ball is throwing at them and in result, they will run away from it. We use the common sense to perceive the world we are living in. It is unimaginable if a person does not possess any common sense at all. See more: Old Age Problem essay Social Science Theories, like the theories in natural science, are derived from scientific methods. They are either induced or deduced from different task or experiment. But since the subject matter in social sciences is completely different from that of natural science, observation, survey and interview which sometimes involves a control group, are the methodology used to test the experimental hypotheses, instead of using laboratory experiments. Hence, social science theories are backed up by empirical studies and data, and therefore should be more widely applicable, objective and reliability to explain human behavior. Unlike social science theories, â€Å"common sense† is held by everyone. Therefore, people can draw on this knowledge immediately when they want to analysis behavior of the others and giving a faster response to the situation. However, the strength of common sense is also its greatest weakness. In many cases, common sense explanation cannot give us a satisfactory answer because it has oversimplified the circumstance. For instance, it is a general belief that the more violent movies a child watches, the more aggressive he will be. People may neglect other factors,  such as family backgrounds, in contributing to children’s aggressive behavior, which had proved to be an equally crucial by many social scientists. In addition, human behaviors are complex as well as unique to each individual. Different culture, race, living environment and family history will lead to the formation of different behaviors. Similarly, common sense explanation varies in different culture, society and individual, and therefore, actually is not the same to everyone in our society. How can a foreigner understand all the traditional attitudes and values of a Chinese? Likewise, it is not easy for us to comprehend all the behaviors of the foreigners. As a result, there will be bias if we rely on common sense explanation as it is too generalized and oversimplified without really investigating the underlying factors behind the scene. In contrast, social sciences theories can supplement the weakness of common sense explanation as each theory is based on a numbers of hypotheses which in turn will be tested, though the methodology used is somewhat different from that of natural science. In other words, social science theories are more reliable and valid than that of common sense explanations. Moreover, social science theories are more widely applicable as they are derived from a great numbers of data which are collected from different channels and people. Some people may argue that some social sciences theories are similar to our common sense explanations, for which is a coincident that we cannot deny since many hypotheses are formed with the basis of common sense assumptions. People can use common sense to explain or judge most things we encounter in our daily life. However, when we come to analyze more complicated matters, such as human behaviors, common sense explanation alone would be insufficient. In these circumstances, social science theories, which have been undergoing empirical researches and experiments, are more reliable. We cannot ignore the importance of â€Å"common sense† since it is a basic knowledge that people possessed, whereas social science theories may not be  known to most people. And in many cases common sense is the foundation of many hypotheses, and thus is the origin of a theory. But it is crucial to note that when people want to have an in-depth, comparatively reliable and valid explanation, social science theories should be employed. REFERENCE Roth (1990), Introduction to Psychology, United Kingdom: The Open University. Gross (1992), Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour, p.19-23, London: Hodder & Stoughton

Evaluation of Ethical Responsibilities as Psychologists

Evaluation of Ethical Responsibilities as Psychologists This paper attempts to highlight some issues that any psychologist may encounter during his or her practice. Besides, the paper seeks to highlight ethical aspects that psychologists must consider while dealing with clients and the community.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluation of Ethical Responsibilities as Psychologists specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is also a description of other ethical aspects of psychologists such as values, diversity issues, confidentiality, research, multiple relationships and boundaries. Integrity as a Learner The ultimate goal of education is to deliver knowledge to learners. The expectation in any learning institution is that learners will observe academic integrity in the due course of their study (Jacob Powers, 2009). However, most learners and professionals in education act in ways that are contrary to this goal. As a psychology learner, it is vital to complete assignment s individually as opposed to copying other people’s work. Another issue that is evident in the learning process is competition. Learners should be made aware of the significance of competition in education and research process (Flanagan, Miller, Jacob, 2005). Professionals should conduct competition with diligence and through just ways such as monitored practice. Whereas competition can be extremely beneficial in the field of education, it can bear contrary results when conducted without considering psychological aspects. Competition should take place in consideration of aspects such as fairness, impartiality and established guidelines. Similarly, as psychology learners, we should focus on psychology as a discipline and work towards adding knowledge to this area of study through research (Flanagan, Miller, Jacob, 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Psychologists should maintain the integrity in the entire education process, particularly, when carrying out research and other assignments. For instance, we must uphold the confidentiality required during research processes (Williams, Armistead, Jacob, 2008). Psychologists must uphold principles of honesty and moral values, depending on the society, so as not to taint their images. The area that was new to me in this topic was the issue of ethics that must be involved in competition during the education process. This is because most studies have not focused on impacts that competition can have on learning. One trait that learners have to change can be related to how they conduct assignments. Some learners practice unethical behaviors during completion of assignments such as replicating other peoples work. Even when these learners are able to complete individual research they are never honest about the results of the entire results process. While such learners may end up excelling in their stud ies, they may be of little value to the society as they lack professional ethics. Personal Values as they relate to Professional Ethics There exists a relationship between professional ethics and personal values. This is because personal values influence how we handle daily circumstances. However, psychologists must ensure that their personal values and belief systems do not affect how they handle clients (Iverson, 2006). In other words, psychologists must be objective when dealing with clients irrespective of their belief systems. Suppose a psychologist discovers that values of a client are likely to be harmful, he must make efforts to help the client to understand the real situation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluation of Ethical Responsibilities as Psychologists specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Values guide us in differentiating right from wrong. However, we may find that what is wrong for one person is su itable for the other. In such a situation psychologists must be careful not to impose their self values to clients. However, unethical issue may arise where by a client want to terminate his or her life due to personal beliefs on matters to do with abortion, sickness, and religion (Iverson, 2006). On such occasions, it can be tricky for psychologists to remain objective. The best thing that a psychologist, who encounters such a situation, can do is to report the matter to legal authorities, since the life of the client can be in danger if the psychologist fails to take any action. One area of learning that is new to me is the circumstance where a client wants to take way his life, for reasons related to his or her values. While a psychologist has to remain impartial, in most other cases, this case obtains different treatment due to the seriousness of the issue. The role of psychologists in this case evolves to relating the situation to legal jurisdictions and offering psychological help that does not interfere with the values and beliefs of the client. I find the act of a psychologist referring a client to another psychologist to be ambiguous. This is because the discipline of psychology requires psychologists to be impartial and objective even when the value of the clients contradicts the values of the psychologists. In other words, if a psychologist is impartial in his or her treatment of a certain psychological issue then there would be no need of referring the client to someone else. This aspect should change because psychologists obtain training to handle people from any diversity.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Multicultural and Diversity Issues Diversity and multicultural issues, which face many psychologists, arise due to diversities in ethnic groups, religions and races. Most psychologists encounter difficulties in dealing with diverse people due to their ignorance about other cultures (Plante, 2007). For instance, psychologists may decide to place two people from different cultures in a similar room for therapy, without considering their differences. Such a situation is not likely to yield the expected results because the two people may understand information that obtains delivery in different ways. Thus, psychologists need to seek for cultural information from various sources such as the American Psychology Association, which offers directions on how to handle persons from different cultures, populations and ethnicities (American Psychological Association, 2002). Within this topic, I have learnt that it is essential for psychologists to seek knowledge regarding beliefs and practices o f persons from different cultures. This is because cultural practices may make a client not to be at ease or open in disclosing their experiences. While it may seem easy for some of us to sit down and talk with counselors, others may find it difficult due to their cultural beliefs. For instance, Muslims men should not mix with Muslim ladies. Therefore, in cases where counselors are men, women may fail to disclose their needs. Psychologists have to change their perceptions regarding persons from different diversities in order not to treat people from certain background with prejudice. This can only be achieved through studying materials that are available about such cultures. The ambiguous thing when dealing with multicultural situations is that a client may regard a psychologist as unethical because of performing an act that is morally correct according to the culture of the psychologist, but wrong to the culture of the client. Confidentiality Confidentiality involves non disclosure of communication that takes place among people (Plante, 2007). Ethical issues are likely to arise when confidential information that a client shared with a psychologist becomes disclosed. It is the duty of psychologists to guard information of a client against persons like friends, families and any other people who may be interested in knowing information about a client (Plante, 2007). A psychologist should never share any confidential information without concept from the client or a legal authority. However, a psychologist may disclose such information in order to protect the integrity of a person or people who may be affected by such information or people whose lives may be at risk due to non disclosure of such information (Plante, 2007). Within this area, I have learnt that there exist some cases when disclosure of information about a client can be allowed. This includes circumstances like when nondisclosure information may cause harm to other people or when there are legal grou nds to disclose such information. One area that I find to be ambiguous is the storage of confidential information in electronic medical records. This is because such information can be leaked through technological means. Besides, I find the fact that some confidential information becomes disclosed to be ambiguous. Boundary and Multiple Relations Psychologists encounter difficulties when they become engaged in social or intimate relationships with the client. Such relationships are likely to interfere with the objectivity of the psychologists or harm the client (Oberlander Barnett, 2005). Hence, psychologists need to have limits with their clients. In case of multiple relationships psychologists should handle the situation wisely in order to ensure they do not hurt the client (Oberlander Barnett, 2005; Pipes, Holstein, Aguirre, 2005). In this area, I have learnt that psychologists may engage in multiple relationships as long as they ensure that such relationships do not interfere with their objectivity. I find the fact that psychologists should not build relationships with their clients to be ambiguous, since other times psychologists engage in community work that require them to have relationships with community members. Community Work One community issue that is apparent in this area is confidentiality. This is because community programs involve lots of conversations which may lead to disclosure of private information (Fisher, 2006). Confidentiality should guard both the program and participants from the incursion of privacy through creating links between the program and its members. Another ethical issue that is common in this area is conducting researches without consent from members and sharing such information with other groups (Plante, 2007). This part has made me realize the need for advocate counselors who should represent the rights of community members particularly regarding confidentiality. I find the fact that the relationship between the psycho logist and client in the therapeutic setting should be professional wile during community programs the relationship becomes more social. Research The issue of research becomes surrounded by many ethical concerns some of which include misappropriating funds for research, modes of storing data, unveiling the research before the due date, and patent stealing (Haverkamp, 2005). I find most issues in this area to be new to me. This is because most studies just emphasize on the need for confidentiality. What I find ambiguous in this part is that research should confirm hypothesis, but some modes of research used have little credibility. In conclusion, a psychologist has many ethical responsibilities, both in the office and towards the community. The responsibilities of a psychologist do not just entail offering psychological therapy, as they also include other fields like cultures, values, building relationships and roles. Hence, psychologists have responsibilities in many parts of human beings. Future studies should find out the extent to which psychologists practice ethical responsibilities. References American Psychological Association (2002). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. American Psychologist, 57, 1060– 1073. Fisher, C. B. (2006). Privacy and ethics in pediatric environmental health research- part 1: Genetic and prenatal testing. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 1617–1621. Flanagan, R., Miller, J. A., Jacob, S. (2005). The 2002 revision of APA’s ethics code: Implications for school psychologists. Psychology in the Schools, 42, 433–445. Haverkamp, B. (2005). Ethical perspectives on qualitative research in applied psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 146-155. Iverson, G. L. (2006). Ethical issues associated with the assessment of exaggeration, poor effort, and malingering. Applied Neuropsychology, 13 77 – 90. Jacob, S., Powers, K. E. (2009). Privileged communication in the scho ol psychologist–client relationship. Psychology in the Schools, 46, 307–318. Oberlander, S. E., Barnett, J. D. (2005). Multiple relationships between graduate assistants and students: Ethical and practical considerations. Ethics Behavior, 15, 49-64. Pipes, R. B., Holstein, J. D., Aguirre, M. G. (2005). Examining the personal-professional distinction. American Psychologist, 60, 325-334. Plante, T. (2007). Integrating spirituality and psychotherapy: Ethical issues and principles to consider. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 891-902. Williams, B., Armistead, L., Jacob, S. (2008). Professional ethics for school psychologists: A problem-solving model casebook. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists.

3 Steps To Being More Productive, Without Stressing Yourself Out

3 Steps To Being More Productive, Without Stressing Yourself Out It’s no surprise that our attention spans are shrinking and our to-do lists are spiraling hideously out of control while we procrastinate, panic, and eventually curl up into a ball watching Netflix. This is the world we live in! We all want to be more productive- the kind of people who write (and actually work through) detailed to-do lists, skipping from project to project until we’ve conquered the mountain of our goals.1. Write it downThe most important first step is to get that giant, unmanageable list out of your brain. Make a physical to-do list. Even if you already have one. Divide it into large projects and small projects so you don’t get freaked out every time you look at it thinking, AAAAH,  I HAVEN’T DONE THAT GIANT SCARY THING. Keep the giant scary things separate from the â€Å"I can do this in an hour† things. That way you can start crossing things off immediately and build enough momentum to tackle the hard stuff once you’ve se ttled into work.2. Hunker down and do itThe second step is to actually show up and do the work. That means clearing your headspace and being present and mindful of your task. Think about the parameters of each one before you start in on it. That way you’ll choose tasks that match your current state of mind at any given moment, and increase your potential for success. Sick or sad or really distracted? That’s probably not a great day to start your biggest project. Save that project for a day when you’re feeling confident and clear-headed.3. Prepare for distractionsThe final step is being able to handle the curve balls that will, inevitably, come your way. Build time and space into your work-time structure to handle the emergencies and extra assignments  as they hit you. Budgeting for this will help you not to feel that you have lost anything when you blitz through these unexpected tasks. You can go back to your existing list guilt-free.This doesn’t mean y ou’ll never again get stressed out by the piles and piles of tasks you have to do, but these guidelines should give you a strategy at how to conquer those piles without the panic. The more you practice them, the less to-do list stress you’ll have.How to Overcome Your To-Do List Anxiety

Managerial Economics Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managerial Economics Assignment - Essay Example Given the implicit link that is found between market growth and the elements of well-being (e.g. levels of employment and consumption), GDP is often regarded as a proxy indicator for human development and well-being. However, this relationship between economic growth and social welfare is not straight. Soon after the inception of GDP, the interpretation and its use as a proxy for social welfare received much criticism which included some of the most established thinkers in economics such as Joseph Stiglitz, Amartya Sen and Muhammad Yunus (Wesselink, et al., 2007, p.3). GDP is limited in the sense that it does not put in a number of factors that can determine the well being of the people and nature such as the value for non-market goods and services like an ecosystem services, for unpaid labor, and leisure or in distributional issues. Several measures like aggregated single number indicators, indicator sets, and satellite accounts have been formed that can act as the complements to GD P and in related economic indicators (Wesselink, et al., 2007, p.5). Standard of living and GDP GDP per capita is not a proper measure for the standard of living found in an economy (Economics, 1958, p.310). However, it is frequently used to be such an indicator based on the rationale that all people in a country would be befitting from their country's higher economic production. Similarly, GDP per capita is not an accurate measure for personal income (Eckes, 2011, p.7). GDP can increase while the real incomes of the majority decline. The major advantage of using GDP per capita to be an indicator for standard of living is that GDP per capita is measured frequently, widely, and consistently. It is measured frequently in several countries as they provide information on GDP on quarterly basis, allowing the trends to be understood by the analysts quickly. It is measured widely in the sense that some indicators of GDP are always available in almost every country of the world, which allow s inter-country comparisons. It is measured consistently as the technical definition for GDP is relatively same or consistent among the countries (Muljadi, n.d, p.14). Despite of these features, it is not considered to be a good measure for the standard of living. The argument favoring the use of GDP as a proxy for the standard-of-living is not that fact that GDP of a nation is a good indicator for the absolute level of standard of living, but the fact that the living standard tends to move with the per-capita GDP, so that the changes in the living standards are easily detected by the changes in GDP (Muljadi, n.d, p.14). GDP versus real GDP GDP = consumption (personal + government spending) + business (non-financial) investment + net exports (exports - imports). It is essential to know the real definition of GDP which is that it is used to measure the total production in a country. It is a metric for economic activity. As such, the exact value of GDP has very little relevance. Inste ad, the economy of a country is interested mostly in the changes in GDP, or in the comparisons between countries or in different time periods. As the change in GDP over a certain time is important, one has to carefully consider the impacts of inflation. An inflation rate of say 5% would automatically lead to a 5% increase in GDP (assuming the inflation metric is a reasonably representative of the prices for the entire economy)

Goerge Bernad Shaw's Pygmalion Term Papaer Essay

Goerge Bernad Shaw's Pygmalion Term Papaer - Essay Example Even belonging to the middle stratum of society, Shaw was the torch-bearer for the cause of the poor and suppressed section of society, and studied socialism as the philosophy that aimed to diminish social injustice and inequality from society. It is therefore the ray of class conflict and exploitation of the proletariat at the hands of the bourgeoisie can be felt in almost all his writings and plays. He was a highly learned and intellectual person, and contained both seriousness and burlesque attitude while entering into social interaction with others as well as while creative a piece of literature. He applied his sense of humor and irony in all his plays, to address the faults and shortcomings prevailing in society, which present the most sublime precedent of satire in the modern drama. Like all other works produced by Shaw, his masterpiece under the title â€Å"Pygmalion† is also a true example of satire that reveals the hypocritical and dual standards have been introduced and implemented by the individuals belonging to elite class of society. He worked for the cause of socialism with great fervor and enthusiasm and wholeheartedly condemned capitalism by stating it a system that widens the gulf between haves and haves-not. â€Å"In his pamphlets George Bernard Shaw argued in favor of equality of income and advocated the equitable division of land and capital. Shaw believed that "property was theft" and believed like Karl Marx that capitalism was deeply flawed and was unlikely to last.† (Retrieved from spartacus.schoolnet) Based on the social behaviors and attitude observed by the people come out of leisure class of society, the great playwright has successfully analyzed the mentality of the rich individuals while treating the lower classes. By analyzing the history of the globe, it becomes obvious that almost all human societies have been observing